Impulse

Eric Migicovsky uses Pebble’s history to explain how hardware startups can learn quickly before committing to expensive production. He recommends small early tests, close customer contact, frugality, and flexible teams, while treating crowdfunding as either an early validation tool or a later sales channel. For hard tech, he emphasizes shortening iteration cycles, demonstrating customer demand alongside technical progress, and choosing a business model that fits the product. He also discusses practical ways to reduce risk from custom hardware, inventory, hiring, and fundraising.

Eric Migicovsky traces Pebble’s path from a bicycle computer prototype in 2008 to a smartwatch shaped by customer feedback and a developer community. He describes how the team used early prototypes, press coverage, small production runs, and close customer relationships to validate the idea. After investors passed, Pebble raised $10 million from 70,000 people on Kickstarter by focusing on notifications, fitness, and customization. The talk emphasizes building iteratively, listening to users, and creating an open platform that gains value through its community.

Jessica Livingston describes the obstacles that commonly derail startups and the determination needed to get through them. She distinguishes resilience, which helps founders withstand rejection and setbacks, from drive, which helps them solve unpredictable problems. Drawing on examples from Airbnb, Pebble, Y Combinator companies, and others, she discusses founder disputes, fundraising, distractions, and the difficulty of making something people want. Her advice is to stay focused on users and execution, adapt when needed, and keep going through extreme highs and lows.