18:14The talk argues that changing the world requires understanding the small details beneath a problem: people’s incentives, existing institutions, and the reasons current systems work as they do. Founders should research a market before building, including earlier attempts to solve the same problem, because platforms change faster than human needs. Experts and investors can offer useful context, but their opinions may be biased, so founders should synthesize a range of perspectives and do their own diligence. Successful disruption comes from designing around real motivations, not assuming software or engineering efficiency will make people adopt a solution.
